Extra-Cranial Metastases of Glioblastoma Multiform: Cases Reports and a Review of the Literature

Abstract

Brian Bravo-Gamboa*, Danielle Floyd-Aristizábal, Alejandro Enríquez-Marulanda, Luis Alberto Escobar, Oscar Rojas, Javier Lobato-Polo

Introduction: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant glioma. Despite the well-known invasiveness in the Central Nervous System (CNS), yet they are considered to be typically confined because extra-cranial metastasis of glioblastoma rarely occurs. Case presentation: We describe two cases, the first is about a 58-year-old woman with a diagnosis with GBM, which was subsequently taken to surgery with total resection and progress with recurrence in the temporal lobe finally presented a spinal cord metastasis. The second case of a fifteen-year old patient who initially presented with a low-grade glioma, which was managed with surgical resection, radiation therapy and a ventriculoperitoneal shunt because of obstructive hydrocephalus. Despite of the treatment, the tumor progressed to GBM, associated with peritoneal metastasis. Conclusion: Glioblastoma extracranial disease is rare, and reporting cases could help to collect data that might orient about mechanism of dissemination, and develop future investigations on this topic.