History and Evolution of Vein Stripping in Varicose Vein Treatment: Procedure and Recovery

Qyun Zhehau, Department of Neurology, Yuncheng University, Shanxi, China, Email: Qyunzhehau44@126.com

Received: 10-Jun-2024, Manuscript No. EJMACES-24-143263; Editor assigned: 12-Jun-2024, Pre QC No. EJMACES-24-143263 (PQ); Reviewed: 26-Jun-2024, QC No. EJMACES-24-143263; Revised: 03-Jul-2024, Manuscript No. EJMACES-24-143263 (R); Published: 10-Jul-2024

Description

Vein stripping is a surgical procedure used to remove varicose veins, which are enlarged, twisted veins often appearing in the legs. Varicose veins occur due to weakened or damaged valves in the veins, causing blood to pool and veins to enlarge. This condition can lead to pain, swelling, and in severe cases, skin ulcers. Vein stripping has been a common treatment to alleviate these symptoms and improve leg appearance and function.

Historical background

The history of vein stripping dates back to the early 20^th century when it was first introduced as a method to treat varicose veins. Over the years, the technique has evolved significantly, with improvements in surgical tools and techniques, leading to more effective and less invasive procedures.

Indications for vein stripping

Vein stripping is typically recommended for patients with following indications.

• Severe varicose veins causing pain or discomfort.

• Persistent swelling and inflammation.

• Skin changes or ulcers due to poor circulation.

• Cosmetic concerns when other treatments have failed.

The vein stripping procedure

The procedure involves the following steps.

Preoperative preparation: A thorough medical evaluation and imaging studies (e.g., Doppler ultrasound) to map the veins and plan the surgery. Preoperative instructions, including fasting and stopping certain medications.

Anesthesia: The procedure is usually performed under general or spinal anesthesia to ensure patient comfort.

Surgical steps: Small incisions are made near the top and bottom of the affected vein. A flexible wire stripper is inserted through the vein. The vein is tied to the stripper and then pulled out through the lower incision.

Closure and dressing: Incisions are closed with sutures or surgical glue. Compression bandages are applied to reduce swelling and support healing.

Recovery and aftercare

There are two types of recovery in vein stripping.

Immediate postoperative care: Patients are usually monitored for a few hours and can often go home the same day. Pain and swelling management with prescribed medications and elevation of the legs.

Long-term recovery: Compression stockings are worn for several weeks to aid in healing. Light activities can be resumed within a few days, but strenuous activities should be avoided for several weeks. Regular follow-up appointments to monitor healing and address any complications.

Benefits

• Effective removal of problematic veins.

• Relief from pain and swelling.

• Improved leg appearance and function.

Risks

• Potential for bleeding and infection at incision sites.

• Scarring and changes in skin sensation.

• Deep vein thrombosis (rare).

Advancements and alternatives

With the advent of less invasive treatments, the use of vein stripping has declined.

Endo Venous Laser Therapy (EVLT): Uses laser energy to close off varicose veins. Minimally invasive with quicker recovery times.

Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA): Uses radiofrequency energy to heat and close veins. Minimally invasive with fewer complications.

Sclerotherapy: Involves injecting a solution into veins, causing them to collapse and fade. Suitable for smaller varicose veins and spider veins.

Vein stripping remains a viable option for treating severe varicose veins, especially when other treatments are not suitable. With advances in medical technology, alternative minimally invasive procedures are increasingly preferred. However, for certain patients, vein stripping offers a definitive solution, providing relief from symptoms and improving quality of life. As with any medical procedure, thorough consultation with a healthcare professional is essential to determine the best treatment approach for each individual.