Opinion Article - Archives of Clinical and Experimental Surgery (2022)
Role of Postoperative Care in Surgical Patients
Naveen Tapur*Naveen Tapur, Department of Medicine, Aliah University, West Bengal, India, Email: Naveent12@yahoo.com
Received: 30-May-2022, Manuscript No. EJMACES-22-67490; Editor assigned: 01-Jun-2022, Pre QC No. EJMACES-22-67490 (PQ); Reviewed: 17-Jun-2022, QC No. EJMACES-22-67490; Revised: 02-Jun-2022, Manuscript No. EJMACES-22-67490 (R); Published: 30-Jun-2022
Description
After the surgery is completed, the person is referred to as back anesthesia care center and carefully monitored. If a person is considered to have recovered from an anesthesia, they are referred to a surgical ward elsewhere in the hospital or discharged from home. During the postoperative period, normal human activity is assessed, the outcome of the procedure is assessed, and the surgical site is evaluated for signs of infection [1]. There are a number of risk factors associated with postoperative complications, such as immunodeficiency and obesity. Obesity has long been considered a risk factor for postoperative side effects. It has been linked to many disorders such as obesity, hypoventilation syndrome, atelectasis and pulmonary embolism, adverse cardiovascular effects, and wound healing problems. If removable skin lids are used, they are removed 7 to 10 days after surgery, or after the operation have started.
It is not uncommon for surgical drainage to remove blood or fluid from a surgical wound during recovery. In particular, these drains remain intact until the volume is off, and then they are released. These drains can clog, leading to abscesses [2].
Postoperative therapy may include adjuvant treatment such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or administration of medication such as anti-rejection medication for transplants. For Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV), solutions such as salt, water, placebo for controlled breathing and aromatherapy can be used in addition to medication. Other follow-up studies or updates may be prescribed during and after the recovery period.
The use of antimicrobials in surgical wounds to reduce infection rates has been questioned. Antibiotic ointments may irritate the skin, slow recovery, and may increase the risk of developing contact dermatitis and antibiotic resistance. It was also suggested that antibiotics should be used only if a person has symptoms of infection and not as a preventative measure. A systematic review published by Cochrane (organization) in 2016, however, concluded that antibiotics used in certain types of surgical wounds reduce the risk of infection in the surgical setting, compared with no treatment or antibiotic use. The review also found no conclusive evidence suggesting that topical antibiotics increase the risk of local skin reactions or antibiotic resistance [3,4].
With a retrospective analysis of national administrative data, the correlation between death and the date of voluntary surgery raises a high risk for procedures performed later in the working week and on weekends. The chances of death were 44% and 82% higher respectively compared to the Friday procedures and the weekend procedure. This “weekday effect” is said to be due to a number of factors including low availability of services over the weekend, as well as a decrease in the number and level of experience over the weekend. Postoperative pain affects about 80% of people who undergo surgery. Although pain is expected after surgery, there is growing evidence that pain may be misdiagnosed by many people at a critical time soon after surgery. It has been reported that the incidence of uncontrolled pain after surgery ranged from 25.1% to 78.4% in all surgical procedures. There is insufficient evidence to determine that prescribing opioid pain medication before surgery (before surgery) reduces postoperative pain the amount of medication required after surgery [5,6]. Postoperative recovery has been described as a process that requires energy to reduce physical symptoms, achieve emotional well-being, restore function, and re-create activities. Moreover, it has been identified that patients who have undergone surgery are often not fully recovered on discharge.
References
- Gómez-Gil E, Trilla A, Corbella B, Fernández-Egea E, Luburich P, de Pablo J, et al. Lack of clinical relevance of routine chest radiography in acute psychiatric admissions. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2002; 24(2):110-3.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar] [Pubmed]
- Munro J, Booth A, Nicholl J. Routine preoperative testing: a systematic review of the evidence. Health Technol Assess 1997; 1(12):1–62.
- Gupta SD, Gibbins FJ, Sen I. Routine chest radiography in the elderly. Age and ageing 1985; 14(1):11-4.
- Makary MA, Segev DL, Pronovost PJ, Syin D, Bandeen-Roche K, Patel P, et al. Frailty as a predictor of surgical outcomes in older patients. J Am Coll Surg 2010; 210(6):901-8.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar] [Pubmed]
- Sullivan R. The identity and work of the ancient Egyptian surgeon. J R Soc Med 1996; 89(8):467-73.
- Veith I, Zimmerman LM. Great Ideas in the History of Surgery. Norman Publishing 1993:82–3.
Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.